https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Index ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:42657 Wed 31 Aug 2022 13:02:26 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:33907 Wed 23 Jan 2019 10:40:24 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34445 1 episode. Safety data revealed no new adverse events. Conclusion: Mesalazine was not superior to placebo in preventing recurrence of diverticulitis.]]> Wed 04 Sep 2019 09:56:16 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:52199 Wed 04 Oct 2023 15:49:57 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:49006 Wed 03 May 2023 12:17:18 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:55022 Wed 03 Apr 2024 15:28:17 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:585 Thu 25 Jul 2013 09:10:30 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:41177 Thu 18 Apr 2024 12:11:34 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:36101 Thu 17 Feb 2022 09:25:33 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:48841 Thu 13 Apr 2023 09:46:22 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:36098 Thu 06 Feb 2020 11:23:06 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:28626 Thu 01 Jun 2023 18:00:10 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:48476 Sun 19 Mar 2023 15:13:30 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:49209 Sun 07 May 2023 09:29:54 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:12377 Sat 24 Mar 2018 10:34:56 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:12372 Sat 24 Mar 2018 10:34:56 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:12379 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:18:00 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:12375 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:15:09 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:12216 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:12:07 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:12242 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:08:12 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:12250 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:08:10 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:20538 25 000 US$/person/year). Corresponding BMI distributions for corresponding countries and regions were identified. Nonparametric tests were used to compare the association between H. pylori and overweight and obesity rates. Results: Forty-nine studies with data from 10 European countries, Japan, the US and Australia were identified. The mean H. pylori rate was 44.1% (range 17-75%), the mean rates for obesity and overweight were 46.6 (±16)% and 14.2 (±8.9)%. The rate of obesity and overweight were inversely and significantly (r = 0.29, P < 0.001) correlated with the prevalence of H. pylori infection. Conclusions: There is an inverse correlation between H. pylori prevalence and rate of overweight/obesity in countries of the developed world. Thus, the gradual decrease of the H. pylori colonisation that has been observed in recent decades (or factors associated with decrease of) could be causally related to the obesity endemic observed in the Western world.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:02:41 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:20107 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:00:10 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:21820 Helicobacter pylori eradication for the treatment of FD is modest (6–14% therapeutic gain), while the therapeutic efficacy of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) (7–10% therapeutic gain), histamine-type-2-receptor antagonists (8–35% therapeutic gain), prokinetic agents (18–45%), tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) (response rates of 64–70%), serotonin reuptake inhibitors (no better than placebo) is limited and hampered by inadequate data. This review discusses dietary interventions and analyses studies involving complementary and alternative medications, and psychological therapies. Conclusions: A reasonable treatment approach based on current evidence is to initiate therapy with a daily PPI in H. pylori-negative FD patients. If symptoms persist, a therapeutic trial with a tricyclic antidepressant may be initiated. If symptoms continue, the clinician can possibly initiate therapy with an anti-nociceptive agent, a prokinetic agent, or some form of complementary and alternative medications, although evidence from prospective studies to support this approach is limited.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:58:44 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:19560 15 eosinophils/ hpf with symptomatic dysphagia, who underwent a structured barium oesophagram. The sensitivity and specificity of EGD were evaluated against the gold standard of oesophagram. Demographic and multiple clinical factors were evaluated as potential predictors of oesophageal narrowing. Results: Of the 58 patients identified, 34 (58.6%) had a narrowed oesophageal diameter (<21 mm). EGD had poor sensitivity (14.7%, 95% CI 5.0-31.1%) for detection of a narrowed oesophagus and only modest specificity (79.2%, 95% CI 57.8-92.9%). Even at a cut-off diameter of EDmax = 15 mm, EGD had a sensitivity of only 25.0% (95% CI 5.5- 57.2%) for narrowed oesophagus. A history of >5 food impaction episodes, endoscopic rings, and female sex were the best predictors of oesophageal narrowing. 86% (6/7) patients with persistent dysphagia despite remission of histological eosinophilia responded to oesophageal dilation all of whom had radiological oesophageal narrowing and 71% of whom had no perceived oesophageal narrowing at EGD. Conclusions: Symptomatic oesophageal narrowing identified by barium oesophagography is common and under-recognised at endoscopy in patients with oesophageal eosinophilia.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:58:25 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:18036 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:56:31 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:19132 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:55:53 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:21109 Helicobacter pylori flourish despite the hostile environment. Whilst H. pylori is the most studied bacteria in this region with a defined role in inflammation and neoplasia, it is apparent that other bacteria may contribute to UGI disease. Aim: To review current knowledge of bacteria inhabiting the oesophagus, stomach and duodenum. Methods: Published studies on the upper gastrointestinal microbiome (extracted from PubMed during the last 20 years). Results: The stomach is a hostile environment for bacteria; however, recent studies categorising the microbiota have shown surprising results. Helicobacter pylori has been intensively studied since 1984 and recent sequencing analysis of other gastric microbiota shows that H. pylori is not alone. Composition can be influenced by acid suppression, gastritis and abundance of H. pylori. Eradication of H. pylori, whilst decreasing gastric cancer is associated with an increase in asthma, reflux and obesity. A future approach may be to selectively eradicate bacteria which predispose to inflammation and cancer as opposed to a comprehensive knockout policy. In the oesophagus, viridans streptococci are the most common bacteria influenced by both oral and gastric bacteria. Oesophagitis and Barrett's oesophagus are characterised by a significant decrease in Gram-positive bacteria and an increase in Gram-negative bacteria. An inverse association of H. pylori and oesophageal adenocarcinoma is described. The duodenal microbiome has been shown to influence small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, irritable bowel syndrome and coeliac disease. The numbers of bacteria recoverable by culture are variable in the stomach mucosa and gastric juice, typically 10²-10⁴ colony-forming units (CFU)/g or mL and in the oesophagus, up to 10⁴ bacteria per mm² mucosal surface. In the small bowel, in health, 10³ CFU/mL are normal. Conclusion: This review highlights current knowledge of upper gastrointestinal bacteria and associations with disease.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:54:02 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:21235 N = 28 854) and CC-free (N = 86 562) patients had mean age 61.9 years; 66.7% were female. One-year CRCancer prevalence was 2.7% and 1.7%, and BCN prevalence was 24.8% and 11.9% for CC and CC-free patients, respectively. Adjusted IRRs between CC and CC-free patients were 1.59 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.43-1.78] and 2.60 [95% CI: 1.51-2.70] for CRCancer and BCN, respectively. Patients with severe and very severe CC had significantly greater incidence of CRCancer and BCN. At ≥2 and ≥5 years of observation, CRCancer and BCN incidence remained consistently and significantly higher for CC patients. Conclusions Patients with chronic constipation are associated with significantly higher prevalence and incidence of colorectal cancer and benign colorectal neoplasm than matched chronic constipation-free patients. These risks increase with the severity of chronic constipation.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:53:01 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:21324 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:52:50 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:191 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:42:53 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:27608 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:39:41 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:27607 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:39:41 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:28581 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:35:48 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:24506 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:13:10 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:24505 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:13:10 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:43586 Mon 26 Sep 2022 12:31:48 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47763 P = 0.008). Compared with placebo, the overall IBS BSS severity score was lower in the pregabalin arm (26 vs 42, P = 0.009). Differences were observed for the diarrhoea‐BSS and bloating‐BSS scores (P = 0.049 and 0.016, respectively). No differences between groups were seen for constipation‐BSS scores. Adequate relief was not different between the two arms (46% vs 36%, P = 0.35). 63% pregabalin vs 45% placebo had a change in pain score ≥30 at week 12 from baseline (P = 0.10). Post‐treatment IBS‐QoL scores did not differ between groups. Conclusion: This trial suggests that pregabalin may be beneficial for IBS abdominal pain, bloating and diarrhoea.]]> Fri 27 Jan 2023 11:07:17 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34641 2 months without response to acid suppression. Controls presented with nonerosive reflux disease, dysphagia or rumination syndrome. Intramucosal eosinophil counts were compared between the groups using uni- and multivariate regression analyses. Results: Thirty-six cases and 36 nonmatched controls were identified. Atopic history (39% vs. 25%) and psychological comorbidity (53% vs. 39%; both P = 0.2) were frequent in cases and controls. Self-reported nausea (64% vs. 17%; P < 0.0001), lethargy (19% vs. 0%; P = 0.005) and family functional gastrointestinal disorder(FGID) (28% vs. 3%; P = 0.003) were more common in cases than controls. Duodenal eosinophil counts [median (IQR): 151 (118-207) vs. 76 (60-106) per mm²; P < 0.001] were significantly higher in cases than controls with > 112 eosinophils per mm² predictive for FD (OR: 33.6, 95% CI: 7.1-159.0; P < 0.001). Duodenal eosinophilia was associated with weight loss (OR: 7.1, 95% CI: 1.1-45.5; P = 0.04). Conclusions: Functional dyspepsia in children is strongly associated with duodenal eosinophilia, in the absence of endoscopic or routine histological findings. Frequent atopic and psychological comorbidity illustrate likely multifactorial mechanisms.]]> Fri 05 Apr 2019 15:31:55 AEDT ]]>